Bru Tripura Vision Essay

According to the legends wizard of the Tripuri prince was expatriated by the king, who along with his followers migrated to the Mayani Thalang domain of a function of Lushai hills and founded a state over on that point. He proclaim as king of the state and the descending(prenominal) of the exiled Tripuri prince govern over the state for generations. In due course of time there was no heir to trace the hatful, which lead to anarchy in the kingdom. Owing to some internal feud and vendetta four point of the numbfish tribes, namely Twikluha, Yongsika, Paisika, Tuibruha and their entourage left their hearth and home and migrated through Chittagong to the state of Tripura centuries ago.These Reang chiefs could not rise up up the Dombur hill peak for devil consecutive times and succeeded in third times. Mahendra Manikya was at the thr ane of Tripura kingdom. After reaching to the capital, these chiefs tried to persuade the ministers and separate bureaucrats to give them permissio n to meet the king and interpret their memorandum but was not successful in doing so. By thus they have exhausted whatever food and edible they had brought with them and suffered a lot. They were very sad and disheartened by this. They were determined to send the message of their arrival to the king eitherhow.In order to send in dramatis personaeation to the king they broke the dam of the river Gumti where faith was going on at that time. This was a serious crime and every of them were brought forrader the king. The king tenacious them capital punishment. Somehow this news came to Queen Gunoboti. The chiefs prayed in front of the queen who after persuading the king make to forgive these chiefs of their crime, who letter forgave them. Since then the Reangs became very obedient and loyal to the queen and throne of Tripura. It is said that the ueen Gunoboti federal official these chiefs with her breast milk in a big pan of brass, which is still intact with Ktordofa, which wa s gifted by the queen. The queen gifted many other(a) valuable things, which were c arfully preserved by Reangs till date. historical Population figures In 1971 the Riang were the second largest of the scheduled tribes in Tripura. There were 64,722 people counted in the Riang tribe in Tripura that stratum. In 1961 the Riang had numbered 56,597 and in 1951 they had numbered 8,471. 1 According to the 2001 census, there were 165,103 Reang in Tripura. Meska and Molsoi aggroupsThe Reang clans argon divided into two groups 1. Meska, 2. Molsoi. The Meska Group The Meska group is divided into seven sub groups or dopha, these are as follows 1. Meska - Meska centre the lemon tree in in kau bru language. 2. Msa - Msa mean tiger in Kau bru. It is said that the fore-father of this dopha was brought up by a tigress in his electric razor hood deal the Romulus and Ramous of ancient Rome. 3. Chorkhi - Chorkhi means Spinning wheel in Kau bru, it is said that one Reang chief was speaking obscen e about his daughter-in-law, when his friends started spinning the spinning wheel to musk the obscene of the chiefs.So the descendant are named after the chorkhi. 4. Raikchaoh - Rai means cane in Kaubru, kchaoh means red in Kaubru it is said that the fore-father of this dofa use to wear cane make red colour armlet. 5. wairem - wai means tie, rem means mix/ crown of thorns in Reanglanguage. It is said that they are descendant of Reang man and Kuki fair sex. 6. Tauma yakcho - Tauma means hen, yakcho means toeless the toes of the fore-fathers of this dopha resembled to that of hen. 7. Tuimuiyaphaoh - Tuimayaphaoh means tortoise in Reang dialect, the fore-father of this dopha were suffering from white patches like the tortoise chest.The Molsoi Group The Molsoi group is sub-divided into six groups, which are as follows 1. Molsoi - Molsoi is the derived function of msoi which means msoi in Kaubru. Their fore-fathers first settled in the deer dominated green valley. Since they were call ed in that name. 2. Apeto - Apeto is a type of fish in Kaubru. The fore-fathers belly was big like the belly of Apet fish. 3. Nouhkham - Nouh means house, kham means burn down in Kaubru once the fore-father of this dophas house were burnt to ashes since then they were termed in this name. 4.Chongpreng - Chongpreng is a type of tuneful instrument, it is said that the fore-father of this dopha used to survive by playing this musical instrument as they were suffering from gungri disease. 5. Yaohstam - Yaohstam means ring of finger, it is said that the fore-father of this dopha used to used to wear ring and used to display proudly to others. This dopha has been in extinct at present. 6. Reang kachko - Kachko means chief in Kokborok, the fore-father of this dopha were chiefs of Reang. Ktor Dopha In the above thirteen dophas or sub-groups of the Reangs there are 26 chiefs or heads, who are designated as Kotor Dopha.Kotor means head and dopha means clan or group. The chiefs are divided i nto two categories * Rai, and * Kaskau. Rai and his subordinates chiefs * Rai - Rai means Raja or chief of the sub group is bestowed as Rai. * Chapiya Khan - Crown Rai. * Chapiya - Crown Chapiya Khan. * Dor kalim - He is the priest of Rai. * Doloi - Helper of Rai. * Bandari - Store keeper of Rai. * Kanda - Servant and toter of umbrella of Rai. * Doya Hajari- Drum player. * Muriya - Trumpet player. * Dugria - Helper in of priest. * Dauwa - Arranger of puja, or reverenceing. Siakrak - distributor of prasad, that is the sacrificial brute meat. Kaskau and his sub ordinate chiefs * Kaskau - The chief minister of the sub-group is bestowed as Kaskau. * Yaksung - He is the assistant of chief minister. * Hajra - Servant of Kaskau. * Kangreng - umbrella holder of Kaskau. * Kormo Servant of Yaksung. * Khan Galim Umbrella holder of Yaksung. * Khandol - The collector of food and other required articles. hatful of Kotor Dopha are exempted from paying taxes to the king. Occupation, culture an d custom The Reangs are primarily an agriculturist tribe.In the past they mostly used to practise the Huk or Jhum cultivation, like most other Tripuri tribes. But now shifted to modern unpolished practice. Most of the educated are employed in government job and many are occupying very high post in administration. Some have withal started doing business also. Marriage system The Reang is an endogamous tribe and had very little contact with the Bengali or other sub-tribe of Tripuri. But since the beginning of xix century there has been some inter tribe marriages and inter- deterioratee wedding among them.The marriage system is similar to other Tripuri tribe of Tripura. There is no dowry system but the bride-groom has to give to father-in-laws house for two years before marriage is performed. There are two types of marriagesbut present the system to spend to father-in-laws house is no mandatory. Haloksai, and Haloksam. Parallel first cousin marriage is prevalent but declining. Cr oss cousin marriage among the Reang is accidental. Child marriage is not allowed, widow marriage is permitted. Widows are prohibited to wear ornaments before one year is passed after the death of husbands.Widow and widower are forbidden to let outicipate any entertaining and enjoying programme or activity or attending such activity within one year of death of their spouses. Remarriage of widow and widower are allowed after one year of death of the spouse. monogamousness is the present day practice of the society. Marriage is arranged through the matchmaker Andra, who goes to the prospective brides recruit for negotiation. Then the brides party is invited to finalise the marriage in Kokswmgma, while pork, fowl, rice, rice beer are served. Marriage is settled to the satisfaction of both the party.The Okchai performs the wedding ceremony on the nuptial day fixed. The Reang widower is not permitted to lay down marry to an unmarried virgin girl. The Reang marriage bond is very strong and Reang men cannot divorce without the harmonize of wife. If any Reang is alleged for extramarital relationship and found to be true then they are dealt with inflexible punishment and heavy penalty is imposed upon. Dress and ornaments The traditional dress of the Reang is simple and plain like other Tripuri people. Traditionally the men wear a hand woven loin textile and a piece of cloth as a wrapper for hurrying portion.The women wear a long cloth called Rnai, a wraparound from the waist to down to the knees. A Rsa, covering the chest, and Rikatouh for covering the whole upper half of the consistency, wears the upper part of the body. These are woven by the Reang women, which are colourful and very beauty full. But nowadays the educated mass are wearing all the modern dresses like any other part of the world. The Reang women are very fond of personal decoration and take much care for the makeup and hair-do. They spang like other Tripuri people, ornaments, flowers, and cosm etics.Silver ornaments especially the necklace of silver coins, the Rangbauk have a pride of place and status. trip the light fantastic and music It is very much integral part of the Reangs daily life. No other Tripuri people are so fond of dance like them. As a result the Hojagiri folk dance of Riang sub tribe had attained achieved acclaim all over the world. Hozagiri Dance is the most famous dance of the reang community. part the theme of the dance remains almost to be the same as of other tribes, the dance form of the Reang community is quite different from others.The movement of hands or even the upper part of the body is somewhat restricted, whereas the movement beginning from their waist down to their feet creates a wonderful wave. Standing on an earthen pitcher with a bottle on the head and a lighted lamp on it, when the Reang belle dance voluminous rhythmically the lower part of the body, the dance bewilders the onlookers. The Reangs also use the musical Instruments like Khamb, Flute made of bamboo and bamboo cymbal. The Reang women prefer to put on black Pachra and Rsa. Reang women put on coins ring, which generally covers their entire upper body.They also put on rings made of coin in their ears. They are fond of fragrant flowers as ornaments to metal things Customs Most of the disputed and differences are settled by the people of Kotor dofa, that is by the Rai and Kasko of several(prenominal) sub tribe. It is make through the customary law of the Reangs. Whenever a disputes arise in the between the fellow member of the community, a meeting is called by the Rai. either relevant arguments are heard and then justice is done according to the principle of natural justice. Whatever verdict or punishment is pronounced in the discernment it is implemented with firm hand and payments of penalty etc. re made then and there. Religious legal opinion and practices Majority of the Reang in Tripura adhere to Vaishnav Hinduism. They claim Kshatriya status. A growing number of Christians, almost all of them Baptists, exists in both Tripura and Mizoram. In 1943, the Reang were subjected to forcible conversions during the rebellion by Ratanmani Noatia. During the end of 20th century, they were again subjected to apparitional force in Mizoram by the Baptists. 3 Like other Tripuri people they also believe in many beau ideal and divinitydess. The centre figures are those of fourteen gods and goddess of Tripura.Their important festivals are same those of prevailing in Tripura. These are Ker, Gonga mwtai, Goria, Chitragupra, Hojagiri, Katangi puja, Lampra uathop. The religious observance are community in nature, and each family has to contribute his part of share of payment. It is called as Khain. All the religious festivals are arranged with the prior meeting of chiefs. In such meetings political, social, and religious matters of importance are discussed and decided by the majority of the meeting. The deities of the Reangs are similar th ose of other Tripuri people. These are * Sibrai, the supreme deity or Mtai Ktor Tuima, the presiding deity of river, * Mainouhma, the goddess of paddy, * Khuluhma, the goddess of cotton, * Goroia, the god of wealth prosperity well being and war, * Kalaia, brother of Goria, * Sangrongma, the deity of mother earth, * Hathaikchuma, the goddess of hill, * Buraha, the god of jungle, * Thuhnairou, the god of death, * Bonirou, the god of evil spirit, * Nouhsuma, the goddess of house holds. Worshipping of the deities The worship of different deities are similar to the main-stream Tripuri people. Aokchai, the priest performs all the ceremony along with his helper.The green bamboo pole is used as deity in most on the cases. Different types of life stock like fowl, pig, goat eggs, etc. are offered in the worship. The place of worship is selected out side of the houses. Where the offerings are dedicated in the names of the deities in front of the wathop, green bamboo pole, the token of god. Bu t the Rangtouk and Nouhsuma puja is held inside the house only. Two earthen pots are make full with newly grown rice and at top of the pot some oval pebbles collected from huk specially. The pebbles are called the fortune stone. And the pots (Rongtuk) are grace with the rice powder, vermilion, and garlands.One is named Mainouhgma, the other as Khuluhgma. Rituals on stomach of a baby On the birth of baby many pujas are observed. These are Kebengma, Abu suma, Khongkhonok kama, Maitukma etc. for the welfare of the baby. The fowl, prawn, several leaves of trees are needed. When the child grows up special form of worship has to be performed. Bukhuksini the seven-gurdian deities of witches are pleased with sacrifice of a pig, four fowls, and other things beside. Ceremony on death The mortal remains are cremated. The obsequies is done in two stages Broksakami and Kthuinaimo. BroksakamiWhen a person dies his corpse is first bathed with the Chobtui that is alkali water or soap . After tha t he is dress with new clean Rikatouh, head is dressed with another piece of rikatouh like the headgear. In case of woman rnai and rsa. Then a fowl is sacrificed in front of the feet of the corpse. Later on an earthen pot filled with mean and rice placed at the feat of the deceased and it is followed by dance rituals throughout the night. strain bear is distributed to all the mourners excepting the family members of the deceased. The next morning the body is laid to rest on pyre and cremated ordinarily near a stream. KthoinaimoIt is a ritual connected with the respectful and well wishing offering to the manes. Laotou or the soul deceased remains under the control of the Sisimangi, the son of Buraha , for a year and it is said that Sisimangi is the shielder of the soul. On the day of the kathainaimi the widow of the deceased offers dried rice, meat, fish, fruits, and wine in the name of Laotau and Sisimangi, on the smangnouk , then taking the burnt bones or ashes go to the charai nok. It is worshiped for over a period of one year or he next hangrai, when it is immersed in any river or in Gomati River at Dumbur,or Ganga, according to the might of the family.In short the religious culture of the Reang is similar to that of other Tripuri or the Tripuras other cast Hindu . Posted by BRU at 0437 Email ThisBlogThis Share to TwitterShare to Facebook No comments Post a Comment Newer Post Home Subscribe to Post Comments (Atom) Followers Blog Archive * ? 2011 (20) * December (6) * November (12) * ? 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